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International Journal of Environment and Sustainability, 2016, 5(1): 18-34 31
Figure 5: Vicious Cycle of Growth
Table 6 poor local retention of benefits, information
asymmetries, and low social returns.
The Impact Scenario
Environmental concerns due to tourism
Economic High leakages; Low local investment; No development are really serious, and a concerted
Ecological investment on the community assets; Seasonal effort has to be made to make the enterprises
demand follow best environmental practices. One of the
Social No environmental management plan; Potential leading obstacles to transforming environ-
Political for tapping revenue for environmental mental awareness into business practice is the
conservation assumed cost of environmental protection. It is
Low community participation; Problems of argued (Erdogan and Baris, 2007) that tourism
crowding and congestion; No safety plans enterprises are only interested in adopting
No sustainable tourism master plan; Poor law energy saving and solid waste management
compliance practices if it is cost saving for them. However,
with increasing environmental consciousness
These financially stressed enterprises are also among tourists (Erdogan and Baris, 2007), it is
not in a position to spend money on capital becoming a business necessity as is seen in the
formation and environmental management. On case of adventure travel operators operating in
the other hand, the root causes of the ecological, Manali. Before taking any initiative, particular
social, and political problems are lack of attention has to be paid to the need for a
planning, inadequate infrastructure, and coordinating agency. Fortunately, the Manali
inability of tourism planners and industry to Development Council, which is getting substan-
elicit community participation. Problems of lack tial support from the green tax, could assume
of planning and infrastructure arise due to this role and, with the help of the stakeholders,
coordination failures with the tourism become a community benefit tourism initiative.
department promoting tourism in the area. Becoming a CBTI is a useful option in
Other government agencies fail to match their developing countries in view of the low enter-
outputs to the increased requirements caused prise economies in the remote mountain
due to ever- growing SMEs and the floating localities.
population in the area. This lack of a holistic
approach to planning is also responsible for
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