Page 192 - IJES Special Issues for AIEC2016
P. 192

92 © Vargas-hernández and Espinosa 2016 | Solar Panel and Renewable Energy

is expected that both their investment and gen-     3) Interconnecting and protection devices
eration costs will continue to decline signifi-     4) Current invertor. Rev. Optional for alternat-
cantly over the next few years.
                                                       ing current loads
There are two markets that can harness solar en-    C. PV Isolated System
ergy for electricity generation: the intercon-      Unlike the SEN interconnected systems, these do
nected electric systems and network or autono-      not require a measurement device. However,
mous isolated systems.                              they require a battery bank and a controller to
                                                    store the electricity that will be used at other
A. Interconnected Systems to the Electricity        times when the photovoltaic system cannot gen-
Network                                             erate, such as at night.

Interconnected systems to the electricity net-      Figure 5: PV Isolated System; Source: alternati-
work are mainly found in urban or rural areas,                             vasnuestras
which are interconnected to the National Elec-
tricity System (SEN). These systems consist of
the following components (Figure 4):

1) Panel or PV array

2) Current inverter

3) Interconnecting devices, protection and
   measurement, switches, protection system
   and bidirectional meter.

Figure 4: Example of PV System Interconnected       5. Solar Energy Industry in Mexico
to the Grid in a Dwelling; Source: CONUEE/ GTZ,
 2009*Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale      Mexico is among one of the five countries consid-
                                                    ered the most attractive in the world to invest in
                Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)                PV projector. It is still behind China and Singa-
                                                    pore because it is part of the Sun Belt. These are
B. Isolated Systems                                 countries with latitude + -35 with respect to the
                                                    Equator and exhibit higher levels of solar and
Isolated systems are characteristic of rural or     sunlight radiation on the planet. For Mexico,
isolated areas where it is not economically feasi-  there are areas where there is a greater than
ble to construct a grid interconnection with SEN.   5kWh per m² radiation. The attraction also in-
These systems consist of the following compo-       cludes other factors such as market potential,
nents (Figure 5).                                   politics, business environment, financial stability
                                                    and renewable energy policies. The size of the
1) Panel or PV array                                electricity market, its projected growth in elec-
                                                    tricity consumption in the next two decades, and
2) Bank and battery charger                         its competitive cost of PV technology also cover
                                                    electrical networks and their ease of distribu-
                                                    tion, among other factors (Figure 6).

                                                    A. PV Solar

                                                    Mexico currently has an installed capacity of 33
                                                    MW in solar PV projects, mainly in applications
                                                    of rural and industrial electrification. Currently
                                                    there are several construction and development

Science Target Inc. www.sciencetarget.com
   187   188   189   190   191   192   193   194   195   196   197